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theorems:goldstones_theorem [2018/05/15 06:59] jakobadmin |
theorems:goldstones_theorem [2020/04/12 15:05] (current) jakobadmin |
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====== Goldstone's theorem ====== | ====== Goldstone's theorem ====== | ||
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<cite>http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/10.1086/518324.pdf</cite> | <cite>http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/10.1086/518324.pdf</cite> | ||
</blockquote> | </blockquote> | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ---- | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Examples** | ||
+ | |||
+ | --> Landau phonons in Bose-Einstein condensates# | ||
+ | |||
+ | "The Bose-Einstein condensation is characterized by the | ||
+ | breaking of a global U(1) gauge group (acting on the Bose particle field | ||
+ | as the U(1) group of Example 1), as very clearly displayed by the free | ||
+ | Bose gas.5 The U(1) breaking leads to the existence of Goldstone | ||
+ | modes, the so-called Landau phonons, and the existence of such excitations | ||
+ | may in turn indicate the presence of a broken U(1) symmetry" [[https://arxiv.org/pdf/1502.06540.pdf |Source]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | <-- | ||
---- | ---- | ||
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<cite>https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.05448.pdf</cite> | <cite>https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.05448.pdf</cite> | ||
</blockquote> | </blockquote> | ||
- | | ||
- | <tabbox Examples> | ||
- | --> Landau phonons in Bose-Einstein condensates# | ||
- | "The Bose-Einstein condensation is characterized by the | + | |
- | breaking of a global U(1) gauge group (acting on the Bose particle field | + | |
- | as the U(1) group of Example 1), as very clearly displayed by the free | + | |
- | Bose gas.5 The U(1) breaking leads to the existence of Goldstone | + | |
- | modes, the so-called Landau phonons, and the existence of such excitations | + | |
- | may in turn indicate the presence of a broken U(1) symmetry" [[https://arxiv.org/pdf/1502.06540.pdf |Source]] | + | |
- | <-- | + | |