Intuitive

• Charge-parity violation by Symmetry Magazine
• The Mystery of CP Violation by Gabriele Sciolla

Concrete

• For a nice PhD thesis on the topic, see CP and other Symmetries of Symmetries by Andreas Trautner

Abstract

• An extensive discussion of how to consistently define a CP symmetry in gauge theories can be found in Automorphisms in Gauge Theories and the Definition of CP and P by W. Grimus and M. N. Rebelo

Why is it interesting?

A CP transformation transforms a particle into the corresponding antiparticle. A intact CP symmetry therefore means that particles and antiparticles are indistinguishable. However, we know from experiments that CP is a broken symmetry since, for example, there are more particles than antiparticles in the visible universe.